The Effect of Acute Hemodilution on Carotid Blood Flow, Arterial Blood Gas Analysis and Acid-Base Balance in Rabbits / 대한마취과학회지

BACKGROUND: Hemodilution is known to increase cerebral blood flow, but it is not known why it is. We tried to investigate about these question like above. METHODS: Blood flow were checked on carotid artery after hemodilution by using electromagnetic blood flow-meter in 10 rabbits. Hemodilution was induced as 15 ml of lactated Ringers solution (LR) was infused after removing 5 ml of blood. Hemodilution was done 5 times in each rabbit. At 15 minutes after each hemodilution procedure, blood flow was checked and arterial blood gas analysis, and they compared with control data. The Sigma STAT and one way repeated measured ANOVA in Bonfferoni correction and regression analysis with DBSTAT PC application were used for statical analysis. RESULTS: Hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit in blood according to each hemodilution step decreased. At the same time, carotid blood flow increased following hemodilution. Though PaO2 level was not changed, CaO2 and pH, bicarbonate, and base excess in accordance with hemodilution were decreased. Also carotid blood flow calculated as increase 2.5 ml/min whenever hematocrit decreased 1%. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded as follow. Carotid blood flow increased to 2.5 ml/min (4.7%) whenever hematocrit decreased 1% by hemodilution. Whenever 15 ml of L/R solution was infused for acute hemodilution, carotid blood flow increased, on the contrary, hematocrit and arterial oxygen content decreased. Metabolic acidosis was induced by the large amount of L/R solution and it may be affected to carotid blood flows.

Pharmacodynamic Changes of Rocuronium during Induced Liver Cirrhosis Using Carbon Tetrachloride Intoxication in Rabbits / 대한마취과학회지

BACKGROUND: A reproducible animal model of liver cirrhosis by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is highly desirable for metabolic and therapeutic studies. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the neuromuscular blockade of rocuronium in CCl4 induced liver cirrhosis in rabbits. METHODS: Cirrhosis was induced by CCl4 treatment for 11 weeks. Rabbits were randomly assigned to two groups; control group: corn oil 0.5 ml/kg/2 days IM; study group: CCl4 0.5 ml/kg/2 days mixed 1 : 1 with corn oil IM. In the first study, the dose-response relations of rocuronium were studied in twenty rabbits. In the second study, time course of rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg in twenty rabbits was evaluated in each groups. Three fragments of each liver lobe at the end of the experimental period were collected and performed the histological examination. RESULTS: Eleven-week CCl4 treatment resulted in liver cirrhosis, and increased AST and ALT compared with controls. In the first study, the calculated ED95 was 86.7 +/- 8.7microgram/kg and 132.4 +/- 9.1microgram/kg, respectively, in control and study group (P<0.0001). In the second study, the recovery times after rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg in study group were significantly prolonged than those in control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The model described in the present study was successful in producing liver cirrhosis used by CCl4 for 11 weeks in rabbits. Rocuronium has a decreased potency, and a prolonged duration of action in CCl4 induced liver cirrhosis in rabbits.